If a soldier has been sexually assaulted, which of the following may they report to?

The appropriate reporting option for a soldier who has been sexually assaulted is to the military police or the criminal investigation division. This choice is correct because these organizations are specifically trained to handle allegations of sexual assault within the military context. They have the resources and legal authority to conduct thorough investigations while ensuring that the soldier's rights and privacy are respected.

Reporting to the military police or criminal investigation division allows for a formal process to take place, which can lead to immediate protective measures and eventual legal action against the perpetrator. Additionally, these entities are familiar with the protocols and support systems available to victims, including access to counseling and advocacy services.

While talking to family members or friends may provide emotional support, these options do not initiate the necessary legal and protective measures that come with formal reporting to the appropriate military authorities. Notably, simply informing a commanding officer may not provide the same level of confidentiality or protection that a report to military police would. Therefore, reporting to military police or the criminal investigation division is the most effective and supportive action a soldier can take in the aftermath of a sexual assault.